HOMOCASTASTERONE: A NOVEL PLANT KETOSTEROID INDUCING HAEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN NORMAL AND DIABETIC MALE RAT

Objective: To study the effect of brassinosteroid keto isoform homocastasterone, in diabetic male wistar rat as an antihyperglycemic factor and to evaluate its effects on the hemodynamic parameters in rat blood.Methods: Diabetes was induced in a group (n=6) of rats with a single peritoneal injection of streptozotocin at 60 mg/kg. bw. With a treatment schedule of 15 consecutive days, control (n=6) and diabetic rats received 666µg/kg bw, of homocastasterone. Circulating blood glucose, cell count, cell indices, and MDA level was assessed.Results: Significant reduction (p<0.05) in blood glucose level and increase inRBCs, WBCs, granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets count(p<0.05) along with improved functional indices for HCT, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, MPV, PDW, PCT in homocastasterone treated diabetic group was noted. A significant reduction in RBC-MDA level (p<0.001) in the treated group was noted.Conclusion: It is suggested that brassinosteroid keto isoform homocastasterone exhibits antiglycemic effect in diabetic rat, and improves RBC, WBC, Platelet counts, haemoglobin level, and cell indices, while reducing peroxidative cell damage in RBCs.Â

New World Health Organization labour care guide in reducing intrapartum caesarean section rates at tertiary care hospital-Hassan institute of medical sciences, Hassan

Background: The Aim of this study was to assess whether labour monitoring using new WHO LCG will result in reducing intra partum caesarean sections. Methods: A analytical study was conducted from the month of September 2022 to January 2023 among 1735 pregnant women admitted at Hassan institute of Medical Sciences, in active phase of labour (5cm cervical dilatation and above) after obtaining informed consent. Results: In the present study, the New WHO Labour Care guide was plotted for 1735 pregnant women among which 1668 (96%) of the total patients had vaginal delivery, while 67 (4%) of the patients underwent Cesarean Section. Among the patients who underwent Cesarean Section it was found that1082 (94%) of the total Cesarean Sections were in latent phase of labour before plotting of the new WHO Labour care guide whereas only about 67 (6%) of Cesarean Section were conducted in active phase of labour. Among the patients who underwent LSCS in the active phase of labour majority were due to fetal distress 29(43%), 21(31%) due to Cephalopelvic disproportion, 13(20%) due to Non progression of labour and about 4(6%) due to Deep Transverse Arrest Conclusions: Majority of the caesarean sections were conducted in the latent phase of labour. The New WHO Labour Care guide has reduced the occurrence of intrapartum caesarean sections in the active phase of labour. However the overall rate of caesarean section must be controlled by reducing the number of Cesarean Sections conducted in latent phase of labour, that is before plotting the New WHO labour care guide

Palmprint Authentication System Based on Local and Global Feature Fusion Using DOST

Palmprint is the region between wrist and fingers. In this paper, a palmprint personal identification system is proposed based on the local and global information fusion. The local and global information is critical for the image observation based on the results of the relationship between physical stimuli and perceptions. The local features of the enhanced palmprint are extracted using discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform. The global feature is obtained by reducing the scale of discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform to infinity. The local and global matching distances of the two palmprint images are fused to get the final matching distance of the proposed scheme. The results show that the fusion of local and global features outperforms the existing works on the available three datasets

Automated skin lesion segmentation using multi-scale feature extraction scheme and dual-attention mechanism

Segmenting skin lesions from dermoscopic images is essential for diagnosing skin cancer. But the automatic segmentation of these lesions is complicated due to the poor contrast between the background and the lesion, image artifacts, and unclear lesion boundaries. In this work, we present a deep learning model for the segmentation of skin lesions from dermoscopic images. To deal with the challenges of skin lesion characteristics, we designed a multi-scale feature extraction module for extracting the discriminative features. Further in this work, two attention mechanisms are developed to refine the post-upsampled features and the features extracted by the encoder. This model is evaluated using the ISIC2018 and ISBI2017 datasets. The proposed model outperformed all the existing works and the top-ranked models in two competitions

Assessment of Radioactivity in Textile Sludge Incorporated Bricks

Textile sludge generated from the textile industry is potentially reused in manufacturing bricks. Radiological hazard to the environment while using any kind of new material in the construction industry needs to be predicted to ensure its safety for domestic use. This paper reports the effect of radiation from textile sludge-incorporated bricks. Primordial radionuclides such as Uranium- 238 (238U), Thorium- 232 (232Th), and Potassium- 40 (40K)., are present in raw materials used in the manufacturing of various building materials. In the present investigation, textile sludge-incorporated bricks were studied. It was observed that the content of 238U was less than 20.6 Bq/kg (Becquerel per kg), 232Th was less than 38.3 Bq/kg, and 40K less than 168 Bq/kg compared to the permissible limit of 32 Bq/kg, 45 Bq/kg and 420 Bq/kg respectively, as prescribed by UNSCEAR (United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation). The activity concentration of primordial radionuclides ranged between 48 Ba/kg to 88 Ba/kg, which was also well below the permissible limit of 370 Bq/kg. Parameters like internal and external hazards index, radium equivalent activity (Raeq), annual effective dose rates, and absorbed dose rates were investigated. The results of all these parameters obtained for sludge-incorporated bricks were found to be less than unity, the permissible limit declared by the UNSCEAR. The study concludes that the sludgeincorporated bricks do not pose any radiation hazard and are suitable for use as construction material

Inhibitory Activity of Machaeridiol-Based Novel Anti-MRSA and Anti-VRE Compounds and Their Profiling for Cancer-Related Signaling Pathways

Corresponding author (NCNPR): Premalatha Balachandran, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2022/1002/thumbnail.jp

A modified apparatus for dual, sterilized, isolated perfusion of the rat liver

The isolated perfused rat liver (IPRL) has proven to be a useful model for the study of physiology and pathology of the liver. For research in nonparenchymal cell (NPC) function that includes measurement of cytokine production (eg, TNF), it is necessary to have a sterilized perfusion system. We have modified the IPRL apparatus so as to be able to perform sterile perfusions of two livers simultaneously. The perfusion apparatus is a recirculating closed system in which the oxygenator is a plastic container separated into two chambers by a fenestrated plastic wall. A disposable macropore filter functions as both a bubble trap and perfusate filter. The sterilization process is done by immersing the various components in Benz-All solution. The tubing is disinfected by irrigation with 10% Clorox followed by 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The perfusate used is filter-sterilized Krebs buffer solution containing 0.5 g Mandol/250 mL perfusate. Not only can two organs be conveniently perfused simultaneously, but the entire system can be reliably sterilized for up to 20 consecutive perfusions. Bile production is higher and more stable with less leakage of intracellular enzymes. Many of the components are disposable and can be altered to suit the needs of a particular experiment. © 1990 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted

G × E interactions in QTL introgression lines of Spanish-type groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Multi-environment testing at five locations for rust and late leaf spot (LLS) resistance with 41 introgressed lines (ILs) bred using marker-assisted backcross breeding in the genetic background Spanish- type groundnut varieties identified significant genotype, and genotype 9 environment interactions (GEI) for LLS disease resistance and yield parameters. Significant GEI effects suggest the need to identify location specific breeding lines to achieve gains in pod yield and LLS resistance. The observed variable LLS disease reaction among the ILs in part suggests influence of background genotype on the level of resistance. A breeding scheme with early generation selection using molecular markers followed by phenotyping for LLS, and multi-location testing of fixed breeding lines was optimized to enhance selection intensity and accuracy in groundnut breeding. The ILs, ICGVs 14431, 14436 and 14438 with pooled LLS score at 90 DAS of 3.5–3.7 were superior to respective recurrent parent for pod yield, with early maturing similar to recurrent parents. The pod yield advantage in ILs is attributed by more number of pods, besides resistance to LLS that contributes to better filling

SLC2A10 genetic polymorphism predicts development of peripheral arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. SLC2A10 and PAD in type 2 diabetes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent data indicate that loss-of-function mutation in the gene encoding the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT10 (<it>SLC2A10</it>) causes arterial tortuosity syndrome via upregulation of the TGF-β pathway in the arterial wall, a mechanism possibly causing vascular changes in diabetes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We genotyped 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms and one microsatellite spanning 34 kb across the <it>SLC2A10 </it>gene in a prospective cohort of 372 diabetic patients. Their association with the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetic patients was analyzed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>At baseline, several common SNPs of <it>SLC2A10 </it>gene were associated with PAD in type 2 diabetic patients. A common haplotype was associated with higher risk of PAD in type 2 diabetic patients (haplotype frequency: 6.3%, <it>P </it>= 0.03; odds ratio [OR]: 14.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3- 160.7) at baseline. Over an average follow-up period of 5.7 years, carriers with the risk-conferring haplotype were more likely to develop PAD (<it>P </it>= 0.007; hazard ratio: 6.78; 95% CI: 1.66- 27.6) than were non-carriers. These associations remained significant after adjustment for other risk factors of PAD.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our data demonstrate that genetic polymorphism of the <it>SLC2A10 </it>gene is an independent risk factor for PAD in type 2 diabetes.</p

Molecular breeding tools improved drought tolerant groundnut variety for resistance to foliar fungal diseases

A largely rainfed crop in India, drought tolerance, particularly mid- and end-season tolerance, is a key trait in groundnut varieties. A combination of both empirical and trait-based approaches was used in breeding programs of ICAR and ICRISAT, resulting in release of few tolerant varieties that have superior pod yield under drought stress and/or have enhanced water-use-efficiency. There is a need to breed varieties with drought tolerance, disease resistance and quality traits that suit different production ecologies as well as meet the needs of the farmers, consumers and industries. ICRISAT has released an early-maturing (90-95 d) and drought- tolerant variety ICGV 91114 for the drought-prone Ananthapur district of Andhra Pradesh, India, where about 0.7 m ha area is under groundnut cultivation and has low (300 mm) and erratic (30-40 rainy days) rainfall. On-farm studies conducted with ICGV 91114 during 2008-10 showed 30% reduction in yield variability over the years. Following screening in hot-spots of both rust and LLS disease during 2014 rainy season, a total of 27 introgression lines derived from ICGV 91114 were selected and advanced for evaluation in multi-location trials at six locations in 2015 under rainfed conditions. Based on the pod yield under rainfed conditions and disease resistance, three superior introgression lines (ICGV 14410, ICGV 13189, ICGV 14421) were proposed for the first-ever NILs trial (near-isogenic lines trial) along with eight others conducted under All India Coordinated Research Project on Groundnut (AICRP-G) at national level